Automatic condenser.



G P. CARROLL e": F. N. ROEERIGH.

. AUTOMATIC GOK'DBNSER.

APPLICATION FILED JUEE 29, 1910.

BET L Patented NW, 3, 1924. 2 SHEE -S ig mmza J was 1-1, mm

G. P. CARROLL & F. N. RQEHRICH AUTOMATIC CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILEDJUNE 29, 1910.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

l2 SHEETS-SHEET 2" min" G, CARROLLJK: 'P. N. ROEHRIGH.

AUTOMATIC CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1910.

Patented Nov 3, 1914.

12 SHEBTS-SHEE1T 3.

w n W A5 n 5w G. P. CARROLL & F. N. ROEHRIGE, AUTOMATIC CONDENSER.APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1910.

1,1 1 5,562, 3 Patente lev. 3, 1914.

I 12 SHSETS-SHEE T '4.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29,

viva.

G. P. CARROLL xi: F, N. EOEERIUE' AUTOMATIC CONDENSER.

APPLICATIOE? G. P. CARROLL & *5. N. BOIEHRIGH AUTOMATIC CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1910.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

= 12 SHEET$-SHEET 9.

in us I 1 kw e. E, GARRSLL .6 Ni. ROEHRIGH. AUTOMATIC CONDENSER.{\PPLIGATIQN FILED JUNE 29 1910.

i iifififi a I Patented N0v.3,1914. Y 12 EHEET5SHEET 10' G. J. CARROLL &F. N. ROEHRICH.

Patented Nov. 3, 191 1.

1 m m m MwwN RX w "v. w v

z wlmmw T f witnesses 6. gr? 9 1 G. P. CARROLL &F. N. RQEHRIGH.

AUTOMATIC CONDENSER. urumnon rum) Jim 29, 1910.

1 ,1 1 5,502, Patented Nov. 3, 1914 12 SHEETS-$111131 12.

wi r/weooao Toall whom it may concern Unirn e rs serene GEOR G-E-P.CARROLL, OF BRIIJGEPOBT, CGNNECTIOUT, FRANK N. BGEERIGH, 0F

. JERSEY CITY, JERSEY; SAID ROEHRICH ASSZGNQE T0 SAID CARROLL.

enronerrc connrensns.

, Belt known that we, Gnome P. CARROLL and FRANK N. Ronnnicn, citizensof the United States, and residents, respectively,

of Bridgeport, Fair-field county, State of Connecticut, and of JerseyCity, lludson county, State of New Jersey, heve inventecl a new anduseful Automatic Condenser, or

' ,w vhich'the following is a specification.

Our invention relates in general to im 'provements in apparatus forreducing the temperatures and pressures of gases expelled from stillsand compressors and, in

case of commercially liquefieble gases, for

liquei'ying such gases.

'lllore particularly our invention relates .to improvements in apparatuswhich eniploy the kinetic ener i of gas particles, vhen rising to apredetermined limit, to

turn on a supply of cooling Water to con dense thegas and, when fallingto a.

. determined limit, to shut oil such supply.

Our purpose is to construct a condenser, with an automatic controller,such that, when the temperature or pressure of the gas "in. theconcleiisezmreaclies a certain high limit, the controller willimmediately turn on a full supply of condensing Water, and,-

When such temperature orpressure falls to a' certain low limit, the,controller will im-' mediately shut oil'such supply; and to ziccomplishthis result with'certaintywhether the pressure of the water in thesupply mains is high or low.

Our purpose also is'to make certain improvements in the detailconstruction of condensers of the -'shell type, such as Will appear:

tion of the-structure of thepreceding figure as seen through thelioe 2-2of Fig. 4.

looking toward the right. Fig. 3 is part of a pipe leading from a stilor compressor.

- Fig. 4 is aright endelevation of the struc- "ture of Fig. l and asection of the pipe of 'Fig. 3,looking towarcltheleft. Fig. 5 is avertical section through the line 5-5 of Fig. 6, looking toward theright, but with some of the minor'part-s in elevation. Fig.

6'is a vertical section through the line 6- 6 of the preceding'figure,looking toward the left. Fig. 'Zfis vertical section through.

Specification of Letters Patent.

.valve throngs the li Fig. 2 15 a partial vertical section and a partialfront eleva- Eatentetl News 3, iiiit i i: I the line oi. Fig. 2, loolnn'owurcl the left, with a gasket 12 in place condenser heecl and its cc 1ctiens removed. Fig.8 is'a vertical secti .1 through theline 8-8 oflooking toward the right, out with the entire condenser head inelevation and the parts connected With it removecl. Fig. 9 is 5.vertical section of :1 Water outlet through the line of the succeedingfigure, looking toward the left. anci a right end elevation certainociie cent parts, shown also at and. here much enlarged. 10 is a 'artialvertical section and a partial front elevation of the Water outlet ofthe preceding? figure and of certain adjacent silnilerlv shown in feig.and throuigh the line l010 of the succeeding figureglookine' up Ward.Fig. 11 is a plan view the structure of the preceding figure. Fig. 12 isa plan view of our quick motion controller. bntwvith its cover sectionedthrough the line 12-19 of Fig. 16, and eta balanced Water valve,together with certain adjacent parts also shown in Fig. l on a niuohsmaller scale. Fig. 13 is a. horizontal section of a motor spring 108and a plan view of certain adjacent parts. Fig. H isa plan view' saidmotor spring and of certain parts above and adjacent to it. Fig. 15 is afront elevation of a lever ZOO anti of certain adjacent parts, out withstint": rod 109 in section. Fig. 18 is right entl elevation 01 some ofthe parts shown in Fig. 12 and a. vertical section of the controllerthrough the line l7--17 of that we; looking upward, with some of thecontroller parts in elevation. Fig.1? is vertical section of thecontroller and of the l7-17 oi'ql ig. l2,

cri

looking upward, with certain parts in elevntion. Fig. 18 is a centralvertical section through the lines 1S-1S or" 1?, looking toward theleft, with, however some of the lower parts in elevation; Fig. 19 is acentral. vertical section through'the line 19 19 cf, 12, lookingdownwercl and some of theininor partsin. elevation; and It is also asimilar centre-l vertical section elevation through the line 19- 9 thepreceding figure, looking toward the left.

-Fig. 20 ise honizontal section the controll-er through the line QOZO'of Fig. 17,,

looking downward, outwith certainmove ing parts inplarr view. Fig. 21..is it boriline 21-421 of. Fig. 26, looking toward the left. Fig. is avertical section-through the line of Fig. 26, looking toward the leftFig. 26is a horizontal section through the line 26+26 of Fig.2.2,looking I downward, but with'certain interior parts in plan view.-Fig. 27 is a partial vertical. section and a partialfront elevation ofone modified form of our invention, the-view being similar a) that ofFig. 2. Fig. 25is a partial vertical section and a'partial fr'tlntelevation of another modifiedform of our invention, this view also beingsimilar to that of Fig.

First considering Figs. 1 to 26 inclusi e. A condenser shell 1 ispreferably made of cold drawn mild steel so as tohave a strong thinwall, is entirely closed at one end and has atits other'end an-integralflange 2. The shell rests on its side, but is so supported, ina mannernot shown, as to incline slightly. toward its flanged end. Shrunk overthe shell 1 so as to tightly grip it and bearing against its flange 2 isa thick rigid 7 ring SI After this ring has been shrunk on,

an inletconnection 4 is secured to the top 'of the'shell near its closedend, an outlet connection 5 is secured to the bottom of the shell nearits flanged endand a gage connection (i is secured to the top of theshell nearly midway between its ends. A pipe leads, inediately orimmediately,- from a still or compressor not shown to the connection Apipe 8,inay lead from the connection '5 to an expansion valve not shown,either directly or through a reeeiver. In .case the ,gas, such asammonia, is liquefied as a result of its condensation, theinner part ofthe connection 5 has a horizontal passage 9 so that the liquid-' ,iayentirely drain off from the shell 1. Co necting with the shell l'by theconnection "6 is a high pressure gage 10, to indicate the pressure ofthe gas being condensed. Outside of' the flange 2 isanother rigid ring11, considerably thinner than the ring 3, having the same outsidediameter as the flange 2 and its other ring, but having a somewhatlarger inner diameter.- Resting against the flangefilin the step .husvformed is a lead gasket 12. Stud-bolts 13, say. sixteen in number,having plane intermediate sections 11 of greater diameter than theirthreaded ends, are screwed through bolt holes in the ring 11, the flangeQ'and the ring 3, so as-to permanently hold together in rigid form thesethree parts, the

projecting ends of the] sections 14 hearing against the ring 11 and ring11 and provided with bolt holes which v fit overthe sections 14. Nuts 16firmlyhold the head 15 in place and make a gas tight,

sectioned by ribs 17, as best shown in Fig. 8, the 'ribsb'eing' highertoward thecenter, as best shown in Figs. Q-and- 5. This con-' structionmakes a strong rigid head and permits its being dish- "shaped on the"out I side, within its outer flange, as shown in Fig.

5, thus lessening the weight of metal. Withjoint. I he inside of thehead 15 is cross in the ribs 17- are a number of round openings 18through the head, which in'this' particular head chosen for illustrationnumber twelve, each opening at its inside end being surrounded by anannular tongue and recess 19, as shown in Fig. 2. These open ings are soarrangedthat two are near the bottom in ,one plane, that, four are abovethese-two in another plane, that four more" are above the former four inanother plane,

the recesses 19. One returnbend pipe 21,

having welded around each of its free ends,

near their termination, an annular tongue and recess registering withthe corresponding recess and' tongue in the head, is passed through thelowest pair of openings 18 so as to compress, bymeans of their tongues,

the. adjacent gaskets; 20. The lengths of the pipe 21 and ofthesimilarpipes subsequently describedare such thatfwhen the head 15isbolted into place'the return bend parts-of the pipes almost reac'h'to'the inner plosed end-oiithe shell 1, as shown in Fig.5.-

A pairotless'er. couplings-23 may beloiit- :ardly cylindrical and theyhave slightly flanged Cylindrical heads re pectively. abut-" tingagainst the inside of the perforated partit ons of their corresponding 6utWardly hexagonal, larger'coupllngs 24. r

in Fig.2 insection and in Fig. 5 in elev The couplings 23 and '21 arebest'sliow;

tion. The inner end of each coupling 3 is internally threaded. Thesecouplings are screwed around the outwardly threaded a d pipe 21' so asto -sti more compress the gas make gas tight joints. The outer end 0each coupling 23 is unthreaded and has th same internal diameter as thepipe 21, a shown in Fig. 2. A- s'econd return' ben refs 20' and thus tsimilarly compressing adjacentgaskets; and

a pair of similar lesser-couplings and apair of similar larger couplings30 are similarly positioned. lVith a similar result a,-fourth returnbend pipe 31, having similar annular tongues 32,: is passed through thefront pair of the upper four openings 18, similarly compressing adjacentgaskets; and a pair of similar lesser couplings and a pair of similarlarger couplings 33 are similarly positioncd. l flith a similar result.a fifth return bend pipe 34, having similar annular tongues is passedthroughthe back pair of the upper four openings 18, similarlycompressing adjacent gaskets; and a pair of similar lesser couplings anda pair of larger coupling s, 36 are similarly positioned. And with asimilar result a sixth return bend pipe 37, having similar annulartongues 38. is passed through the uppermost pair of openings, similarlycompressing adjacent gaskets; and a pair of similar lesser couplings anda pair of largercouplings 39 are similarly positioned. When thesevarious return bend pipes 21, 25, '28, 31, 34 and 37 and their outsidecouplings are in position and the head 15 is bolted on, the appearanceof the parts is as best shown in Fig. 5. The

advantage of this'mode ofrconnection, as especially compared withpermanentlywelding the pipe ends into the hea'd, is that/the pipes areremovable in case repairs are necessary. For convenienceof cleaning, theinternal diameters of the pipes should not be less than one inch; and inthe larger 1 condensers, the sizes range up totwo inches.

All the couplings 24:, 27, 30, '33, 36 andfif) are internally threadedas far as the heads of their corresponding contained lesser couplings.Excluding for the present. the back members of the couplings 24 and 39,the front members of theLcouplingsQ-land 39 and each member of thecouplings 27.130, 33 and 36 have screwed into them union Ts40, ofstandard type. having square nut plugs 41 s rewed into the end'openingsof the Ts. A nipple l2 connects the side openings in the Ts of the frontmembers of the couplings 24 and 2'7. A nipple 43 similarly connects theTs ofthe back. members of the couplings 27 and of the front member ofthe couplings 30. A nipple 44 similarly connects the Ts of the backmembers of the couplings 30 and 36. A nipple 4:5

similarly connects the Ts of the trout member of the couplings 36 and ofthe back member of the couplings A nipple .46 similarly ronnectsthe Tsof the front members oi the couplings and 39. Allthe 7d inter-pipeconnections have the same-internal diameters as their connectedpipes.@In assembling the parts, two Ts are'first connected by a nipple, then alarger coupling containing a lesser coupling is screwed on to each T andthen the two 'lessercouplings are screwed on to their pipe en ls.

It will be observed that this construction provides a continuous passageupward from the outer end of the back member of the 50 pipe 21 inorderthrough thepipes 21, 25, 28, 31, 34 and 37 to the 'outer'end of=the backmember ofthe pipe 37; that this entiresystem of piping hasa wall incommon with the gas chamber formed by the shell 1 35 1 andthe head 15;and that the'inlet end of the system is near the outlet connection 5.Instead of making'the shell 1 of steel, as has been suggested, it wouldbe better, in

case a small number of return bend pipes so are used, say two, to makethe shell out of a long lap welded wrought iron pipe.

shell of such materialwould be well adapted for attachnient'te a sidewall. Butfor a condenser to be positioned over a refrigg5 orator, as isespecially intended, the strong light steel shell is preferable.

Screwed into the back member of;- the couplings 39 is a horizontalintermediate pipe connection 47, having at its. outer end a six bolt1101s male flange and having through the upper part of the flange arertical SIl11-CYl1nlflCfil recess 48 with a semiannular enlargement tiat itslower end within the connection, asshown in Fig 10.

The connection 47 also has in front integral With'it self, a bracket arm50 having a vertical bolt' recess; Bolted to the flange Of a theconnection 41' is awater outlet 51,

having a corresponding femalc fian'ge, and 10 having side and endopenings similar to those of the Ts 40, the end opening being providedwith another one of the square nut plugs 41. Through the upper part ofthe flange of the outlet 51 is a vertical semicylindrical recess 52,registering with the recess 18 "and having a semiaannular enlargement5311b its lower end registering with the enlargement A thin gasket ormakes a Water tightioint'betweexi the 0011- nection 47 and theoutlet-bl.()n the upper. side of the-outlet 5i, between its flange and sideopening, is apertoratedhub 56, slant- .ing outward and having in upperend a Screwed into this threaded enlargement. enlargement is a mercurywell 57 containing a quantity oft-mercury 58. A plug 59 screws into thetop of the Well and usually closes it. The Well 57 projects so far into7 the outlet 5} and thelieight of the mercury .1 0.

58 is such that the temperature of: the mercury varies uniformly withthe tem' erature of the water utfiowingfroin theisi' e opening of theoutlet.- Screwed into the back member of the coupling'PA is'awater inlet60, having in its outer end. opening another one of thesqu'are'nutplugs' fl, havingits" inner end and its side opening like those-of theTs 40,-bu't having on mp a hub like the hub 56 and containing anotherme'rcurytvell 61 with its plug 62. The'well 61, s1m'i1ar to thew-ell57,1projects- -so-. fa r into the inlet 60 and the height of itscontainedinercury is suchthat the'temperatureof the mercury I variesuniformly with the. temperature .-'ofthewater ,inflowing -tfrom the sideopening of the inlet. j In connection with ou1*-,' shell-, type con--denser, as thus described, we employ 1 our quick motion controllerconstructed as .fol-

flowsaA lowercasingf 63has a depressed circumferential flange'from whichin back proceeds. upward an arm 64, having a horizon strength, four ribs67' extend radially from tal bolt recess and ending in apivot support;Thefiinner part of the casing 63 on top forms a theeasing 63' has aconduit projection 66 extending downward-with an axial passage Iextending'frombe'tween the stoppers. 6. 0,

the bottom of the projection, where i t -i enlarged and threaded. Forpurposes o the rojection (ifito the inside of the flange of t e casing;Integral with the projection? 66 and extending horizontally backward isacylindrical hub 6.8: of afcertaiudiflmeter right near the projection andof a reduced idlameterforthe remainder ofits length. I In the facethusforniedin the larger diameter of the hub-68 is'an annular. groovecontaining a lead gasket 69. A small passage 70 extends,

ter, fromthe outerend of the .hub 68 to" thepassage'in the projection66. Intercept-' along a line to the left of th'ecen- ,ing the-passage70, is a slightly conical open ingthrough' thehuh 68 'thatlhas A cyhmdrical threaded enlargement to 'the'right 'ofn thehub. In the conicalpart of this opening is a plug valve 71, having atransverse'passageadapted to register-with the passage70 andfbeing ofreduced diameter "at-its outer end to the right, so that it can.be'heldinplace by 'a lead gasket 72 and a slotted rifig73; whichlatteris screwed into the threaded enlargement of the opening.

The outer end of the valve 71' within the ring 73- also hasa'tr'ansverse slot so that it can be openedj'or closedby means of a tsmall screwdriver. No part of the valve cylindrical surface of the hub68. This cylindrical surface, where the hub is of. re-- duced diameter,is threaded. Screwed around the threaded surface of the hub 68 so as to,inclosethe valve 71 and the ring 73 outer end,

the" passagei ofi the projection 6.6 is screwed the; ,verticalj'endof-Lan L shaped tube 7 5, entirely ;cl ,os'e'd at its long horizontalend,

cupythe enlargements t9 and 53 and so. {near the "elboiv'of thetubethat, when its collar occupies these enlargements, the horizontal partof. the tube. will be near the axial' centers of the pi'pe'37, thecoupling '39 and the connection 47, as shown in Figs. 2, 9

litharge and glycerin.

Upon theedge of within its depressed circumference rests a lead gasket78... Upon the gasket 78 rests tion is to be permanent, it is made withphragm 7 9, slightly corrugated between the gasket and a circle in linewith a continua- Preterably the diaphragm is made of cold rolledsteelsix one-thousandths of an inch thick; and is then corrugated andhardened so as to'be resilient. 'When in its depressed position, asshown in Figs. 18 and 19, the

chosen as to properly limit the down movement of the diaphragm. Abovethe diaphragm 79 is rigid annular-limiting piece 80, nearjitscircumference resting on the di-aphraginand spaced more and moreawaytherefronrtoward its own annular center; This piece is corrugated soas to register and "has throu through the holes; *In' practicethe piece80. is"'so formed and spa'cedas toperrnit of a. total movement ofthe'di'aphragi'nla at its centerv of about one-eighth of an inch.

to the gasket 78.-

A foot 82;;has, nside the circular opening in thepiece 180 and" restingupon the part of .the diaphragm 79 within the corrugatedandsoas-tocompress the gasket 69, there forming-a gas tight joint, is aninternally threaded cap'74, having a square nut 'onits threadeddor'somedistance at its top and hayinglangintegral collar"76 adapted to 00- thetop of the casing the circumference ofan impe'rforate dia-h Over andaround the circumference: jofthe piece is placed another gasket 81,siinilar 71 or of the ring 73 extends as far as the Into thejen'largedandthreaded lower endand 16. Y A nut 77'? is, however, threadedorerthe-hppe'i' end of the tube 7 5 before it isscrewed into theprojection 66. And as the connection between the tube and the projectionof the'outside lines of the stoppers65. u

diaphragm 7 9 rests upon the stoppers 65; and the thickness of thegasket 78, is so .115 with-the corru ations of the diaphragm 7 9' h itqu'ite. a number of small 'escape ho les, -so that, whenever thediaphrag in is forced upward, anvfluid between v the diaphragm and thepiece;jean pass" an e part,'a flanged extension with a fiat undersurface. A soutmidway between the vertical extremities of the foot 82 isa rectangular o airing extending through the foot from buck to 1i Freeto recipicute slightly in this opeuiu rectangular slide block havingthrough it from side to side, in :1 direction i 'eusverse to that of theopening in the foot 1 partially cylindrical openrg containing the free,end of on inner The opening through the block slightly'exceeds'hulf acircle, so that, @er the bl cc and the outer end of the lever huveheuinto toe opeuiugin lever cannot be withdrawn om th m-k but. causes it toreciprocate as the lever is correspondrotated. The inner end of the S1hogs shaft opening and a "mining a key. 85; At its :c m 00 4a.. we cocompression spring 86, called the outward opposing spring. At its topthe spring abuts ageiwi the similar seat of a head 8?,

a concave recess. A

wing T8 fits over the head 87, the lever 81 and the key 85, L guides thecylindrical part of asses down the gasket- 81 and our #119,

ie casing 63 by eigh hexagouel headed bolts which pass through threadedholes in the upper and lower casings made for that purpose. The casing88 nu extensionet oueside to contain the "r 8% their 1 y and has ahorizontal openingwith an outside threaded stuff- :"fed through thisopen:-

and at its inner e11 o casing through the "erzngr irith the key so as toi. e lever, a rock mutt 00, my also at its outside end and pin opening.1!: the rev end of ti e 'hulft 90 is 1 hold in place by screwed in rat:or loosely as is to prevent e z p'id the diuphrugu 7 breaks.

center of the top of the casing e riled opening.

hich 21 i or" 1'1 -rusting luhri out Should he pou so to be above theblock Through this opening in the top or? the cusuu adjusting screw 03,slotted top so that it cenhe turned ver and having a vconvex ring in theconcave recess of Around the outside of the top 863i annular recess coni1* lttinur over the n to the too 01 the casing us to re lever and havinga. key

1 "12 nd nut eecape of the 'screv: 03 and compress the gasket 94 is acap 95.,having a hexagonal nut at its top.

Cast integral with the casing 88 is one 1 rod support- 96 and a two rodsupport 97. Secured to the outsideend of the shaft 90 by 1 key 98 in theoutside key way of the shaft and by a pin 99 iuthe pin opening in theshaftis a. vertical lever 100, having on one side :rcam face 101 andhaving a slotted pivot fork at its top. A double eud cam device has anannular forward cam 102 with its face toward the/support 96 and asimilar annular buck cam 103 with its face toward the support 97 and hasthe two cams connected on their under sides by an integral horizontalbar 101. I A pivot 105 passes through the'bar 104 at its end near thecam 102 and rests in the slots of the fork of the lever 100. A forwardsleeve head 106 has an annular head-toward the cam 102 and'an V hoe acenlvral hub of reduced ()utside of the hub thus formed lgou the foot 82is a heavy helical com ,reseon motor s Vrin 1018 surrounds the sleevesof the sleeve heads 106 and 107, which are some distance apart, andbears against their heads. An actuating rod 109, having, a little (werefourth of its length of a certain diameter and the remainder of itslength of aless'diameter, has its part of reduced diameter insertedthrough the sleeve head 106, the spring 108, the sleeve head 107 and the021111103, has its part of larger diameter adapted for reciprocation:iuthe cam 102 and near its forward end resting in a semi-cylindricalreciprocating recess at the top of the support 96, and has between thesupport. '00 al 1(l the cam 1021mm integral collur- 110. A sleeve piece111 is slid over and surrouudst-he part of the rod 100 of reduceddiameter for part of such length of reduced diameter. is adapted forrcciprmtutiu 1 in the com 103, ha's hetween bhe cam 103 and the support97 an integral collar 112. near its back end rests in};semi-cyliudrica-l reciprocating recess et rhe we of the support 97, isthreaded around its back end, has 1 solid back end and is secured to therod 109 by its solid back ends and by a min 113 which through the backend of the conpasses tamed rod. A semi-cylindrlcal cap piece 11% makesav reciprocating fit over the rod 109 and screwed to the top of thesupport 96. 1' similar semi-cylindrical cap piece 115 makes areciprocating fitover the piece 111 and is screwed to the topw of thesupport 97.

Centrally pivoted at thetop of the arm 64; is a lever 116, having acontact face at its top away from and in substantial alinement with thepiece 111 and having. a-longitudiunlly slotted fork at its lower end. Acurved arm 117 has an internally threaded huh at its top threaded aroundthe threaded port of the piece 111, is kept in longitudinal position by,a forward lock nut 11S and a back lock nut 119 and is secured tothe-lower 'arm 123 and a horizontal back arm 124 end of'the lever 110 bya pin-120 passing through the slots in the lever forks.

Cast integral with the casing 88 and projecting to. the right fromnear-its top is a pivot support 121. Pivoted to the support 121 by a pin122 is a horizontal forward The arm 123 has a forward knuckle 1 inclinedso as to be l fted by the cam 102 on a forward movement of the cam, andit 'has at its free end a forward catch 120.

adapted to engage with the forward side of the collar 110, when the cam102 is in its ex treme back position, in such a way as to lock thecollar. But when the cam 102 ulvances and lifts the knuckle 12:)sufliciently, the. catch 126 is also lifted, releasing the collar 110,and rests on the collar. Similarly the arm 124 has a back knuckle 127inclined soas to be lifted by the cam 103 on a back movement of the cam;and itv'has at its free end-a ba ck catch 12S, adapted to engage withthe collar 112, when the cam 103 is in its extreme forward position, insuch a way as to lock the collar. lint when the cam 103 recedes andlifts the'lt'nucklel2T sutliciently. the catch 128 isalsoIlit'ted,releasing the collar 112, and rests on the collar. A lightdouble end tlat spring 12!). secured at its middle'by a screw 1-";0 tothe support 121, 1

tends to depress the arms 123 and 124.

Bearing against the face 101 is the head of a belt 155 which at itsopposite end is of Abuttmg at one end against the inside of the head ofj i-duced diameter and threaded;

thcbolt- 131 is a helical con'ipression spring 132, called the inwardopposing spring; 4

its other end the spring abuts against the outside of the head 'ofa-hcaded sleeve 1'33. f surroiunliug the bolt; 19-1, threaded on "the Qoutside of its part of lesser diameter and screwed into a threadedopening in the sup port 97 in axial alinemeut witli the face 101. Thethrust of the spring 132 is regulated by turnin the sleeve 133 in the snnut, 07 so E s ll as to advance toward or to recede from the head of thebolt 15- is held in any desired position bya locknut' 134- screwedaround the sleeve on the out side of the support 97. The boll. 131 isfree to reciprocate in the sleeve 133, i

diminishing the thrust of the spring 132 in so doing: but is held fromgoing too far i quential.

The spring:- 132 is lighter than the 5])1'11! R0. The sleeve 133 inet-easing or i its extreme high position. After the poteul tial thrustor compression of the spring 132 I has been adjusted by turning thesleeve 133 l for aid or back. the bolt: 131 is adjusted as stated. Athin metal cover 13? is placed over the moving parts outside of theeasing 88. has a vertical slit so that it can slide over the partsaround the small end of the rod 109 and is secured within a step aroundthe bottun of the casing by small screws 138.

For the thermostatic actuation of the diaphragm 79 various expansivefluids may be en'iployed. But we prefer to use anhydrous ammonia. Thisis introduced before the controller is attached to tl ie condenser. To 5charge the tube 75. the cap T-t is'rcmoved. I the valve 71 is opened anda charging vessel 1 is secured by a threadei connection to the hub 68..Such a vessel should contain just sutiicientliquid ammonia to -fill thetube 75. when in the POFitlQll (shown in Fig. 113; up to the collar T0.After the charge has been introduced the valve Tl closed andthe chargingvessel is disconnected. By then placing the controller so that thepassage is vertical. the va; \c 71 can be used as a purge valve to expelthe air remainiug'm the tube 71. the loss If ammonia being inconse- Thevalve 71 is then closed. the 'l'lltffl 73 tightened and the cap 7-t isfirmly screwed over the hub 08 so as to compress the gasket 69.

After passirig the tube into the connection'47, the ln'icknu-tuhers ofthe couplings P35) and the pipe 37. the controller is quite firmlysccured'in placebv .the position of the collar/70in thi j'enlarecpientst9 and 53. by the clamping'ol bolts "13.0 upon the flanges 5 ofthe connection 17 and the outlet til and by the tightening of the nutTT' on the'outer edges of these flanges. But additional firinness issecured by a bolt. H0 threaded into openings in the frontparts of thecasings (l3 and SK between the-gaskets T8 and 81 and theouter edges ofthe casings. held in place in the casings by a lock Hut 141 bearing:against the under side of the casing (33, occopying near its lower.eudthe. recess in the a sin 50 and held in place in the arm by lock nuts14-2 and 143. respectively, above and g l elow the recess.

For controlling the flow of condensing! water. instead of an ordinaryunbalanced valve. we employ a balanced valve and preferably the valveshown and described in the Ser. No. 504.580, entitled lhllancedwatervalve. This valve is coustrllcted as fol lows: A casing 144- has'acylindrical inlet chamber 145 of lesser diameterra cylindrical outletchamber 146 of greater diameter adapplication of ltoehrich; tiled June2. 191 0.

and threaded atits lower e lacing- 40 tween the iv 60 ing'a rim aroundam;(immune thojperfQ- 65 outer end nearly as'i jacent to said formerchamber and concentric with it, a narronrimlilze valve seat 1'47projecting from the casino all at the end of't he inlet chamber into sheoutlet cham- 5 her, an inlet passage 148 leading from heneath up 'a'rdinto the inlet chamber and internally threaded at its lower end, and anoutlet passage 149. parallel with the inlet passage,'leading lron'i theoutlet chmnlzer nd. Cast integral with the casingil lion under side is asupporting bracket- 130. extending" frontward, and having init athreaded recess. The casing 14; has in front an annnlar dia- 15 phragmrecess 151 internally threaded at its'front end: and 111 the rear. atthe back of thechamher 146, the casing is open and internally threaded.i

dl itlnn the chamber 1% is a valve disk 20 152 axially perforated andthreaded. ilrits.

side toward the seat 14 .7 ha 'ing a huh on ita side away from the seat,through partoi whioh the perforation continues, of hexagonal form on the"ontside for part of its :5 length and ending in a short reciprocatingrod of small diameter. The disk 15) toward the seat 14? also has a rimof a little greater diameter than the seat, so as to contain aleathsridisl; 753adapied for seating on upon the seat. Passingperforatio of thedis}; of a spacing: piece 15% Washer 155,\VllJllllMfltG 15 is {he sores end 152- The piece 154 .also has adiaphragm Washer lSG'toWard the olher entl of its containing rha'inhcr,is ofhexagonal form hethreadcd per. I the reces Seated in the recess f15l is a 'diapl'iragrni 151', preferably. of rnhher, .al thong'h if. maybe of voppcr, if yery thin;

Passing through the diaphragm ,15? "and screwed into the perforation ofthe pieg'e 154 is the threaded end of iLllllOiOIflIOQl-jl-ES having awasher 1?? u t outside the (lllh i 'phragzn I5? mU'iiS to firmlycompress'tlw 5 diaphragm l inst ll and the washer. 156 whenlhe :l 1-thus to make 9. water Screwed into in press the di phragn in;

a as, to comaxial pe'rfor. tion through =;'hich the threaded recessinterz'iaily threadeda-ndhav pring i 61 surration. -A helical clo. Joaeeinl ahn'ts rounds the rod am foration. The rod? 158 is threaded "t-omits 13 and screwed into the 'hamher and oi 35 a little less diameterthan that ehamhenihat firmlv holds the disk a 'ainst I-he'disk.

v v r I? shers andl56 and has/a. orat on from its end towardv '1 thus tomake a Water ti ht'jo'ins isan end: pieCe,;GQ,;haV- ingi mhexagonalmmsoction, havin .7 3;. can freely reciprocate; hai'ingr an outsidereciprontes through the perforation in the piece 160. Threaded on to therod at a litthe distance from its'onter end is a milled adjusting not162, hearing against the outer end of the spring 161 for compressing itas lnnrh as may he desired and having an inner unmilled part of muchless diameter and fitting inside the spring. A look not 16?; holds thenot 162 in place. Screwed tho-recess of the piece 160 is a sleeve 15;}for protecting: the roll 158. the spring 161 and the-nut 1(32; 'lhreadedon to the extreme outer end of the rod 158 is a milled motor head-1(i5.'Strewed into the easing l i-l and forming the end of the chamber 1-36is a head lliii. compressing any kind of water tight gasket ll'fiat theend of the casing and having ahexagonal nnt formed on its outer end. Atthe center of the inside of the head 1G6 and cast integral therewithahgaide spider "168 in which is the rod'end of tie disk 152. The spiderpermits of a recipro- (rating it of the rod end and there is enough freespaceon the inside of the head Hill for the disk 159m reciprocatesnflioi'ently to open the 'ali'e. The open spaces between. the arms ofthe spiderll l prevent the acen mulation of sediment in the head i";

Screwed into the bracket 1'50 is a, h which at its other end fits intothe the-arm fi-l and hold in pla h r and 171 respectively in front andin line of the arm. 'lhus supported the Water valve isin sm'h positionthat the'head is always Contact with the face of the lever iii A watersupply pipe 1'52, from any Sammie of cool water supply, is threaded intothe passage 148. A connecting pipe 1'53 leads from the passage 149 intothe side opening of the inlet A discharge pipe 11 i leads from the sideopening of tie outlet 1. assumed that'a hand valve is located fimv ofwater-b entering the joip'e 172. core are linues throng?! the passage14-8, the chamber 14-75 tlieseat 14?, the ehaniher sage H the pipeipeztilr'ers of. the chi piings and 21:5, i'h pipes i nnd intermediateconnections before 146, the pas- ,of a the pipe and ending'with the hack.n ember ofthe pipe' 3?," theb kniemher'of the pipe 37', I the, back.member of the'eohplin'gs theli eonneetion 47 and the outlet 51,:mdemerges In its coarse, with the the lesser; couplings connectet from thepipe-174 v v ammonia ontheonts'zde of the return head pipes inthe shell.1, heat'has heenal s'tracted or as rho part which from the: ammonia, soas to cool and liinsefv' theinlet "-60, the hash de cribed beginning{vith the'hsok member i it, and has been taken up by the flowing water.Then as the water has been passing out of the shell 'lit has givenup aportion of its heat to the tube 75 and its contained ammonia. diaphragm79, and the intermediate walls of the parts down as far as thecollar'l'fiyis I slight; and the-loss of heat iscompem sated for by heatcoming .'from :the liquid ammonia in the .horizo'ntal part of the tube-75, thc ressure 'of' the ammonia vapor onthejunderxside of the diaphragm7-9 depends v 'onfthe temperature ofthis liquid ammonia.

.Th'e' pressures of ammonia vapor correspending to given temperaturesarestated in the well knownammoniahtables 'But now as the inflow?ofheatedammonla gas has ceased, theheatotithebutflowing water isbecoming -less.. Accordingly, not merely.

is no heat passing inte /the liquid ammonia?- in the tube 7 5, butalso'heat is passing from that ammoniainto the outflowing water.

Consequently the pressure on the underside .of the diaphragm 79'isdiminishing. T.her upon the outward opposing spring 86'be gins to thrustthefoot 82 downward was to depress the diaphragm 79 downward from itsextreme high position toward the posi-v tion shown in 18 and 19.]Naturally the thrust of the spring 86 becomes weaker the more thediaphragm 79 is depressed, As the foot 82 is forced downward, the block83 and the outer end of the lever '84 are also depressed. Thismoverrie'nt of the lever 8 t rotates backward the shaft90 and through itthe lever 100. When the lever 100'has.

been rotated backward :to a point approirimately corresponding to themidway pos tion of the diaphragm 79.betweene-its., ex

treme high and low positiongithe fiicffiOl begins-to bear against thehead of the bolt 131 so as to compress the inward opposing spring 132.Naturally such compre'ssifonbe cotnes more intense as the lever 100911)-prpaches the extreme back positronf This backward rotation of the lever100 also carries the pin 105 backward sons to icarr y backward the-bar-104 and the camsIOQl-imd 103. The 'p arts are now in the positions. bestshownin Figs. 16 and '17. The catch.

' 126 is now resting on the collar-"1.10; the catch 28 is lockingthe'collar 112; and the cam103 is bearing against the knuckle127, Finallythe temperature of the gas or vapor in the shell 1. reaches apredetermined low limit. "The temperature 'of the outflowing water andof the liquid ammonia in the tube 7 5 has fallen correspondingly; andthe outward opposing spring 86 has thrust the foot 82 and the diaphragm79 downward to or nearly to their lowest possible position. At this sameinstant the cam-103 has been car ried so far back along .the inclineofthe knuckle' 127 that,'at a critical point in. the

incline, the arm 124 flies up and the catch As the radiation through thehigh limit.

128-releasesthe collar 112. Thereupon the spring 108, which meanwhilehas been in process of compression by the backward movement of the cam102aga'inst the sleeve l1ead 106, suddenly forces the sleeve head 107against the earn .103 and carries the rod" and the arm'll? anequal'distancebackward.

seat the disks 1: 2 ait flow of water througH-thb condenser. W'ithknuckle 125 resting on and in front of the cam-102. At thesame time thecatch 128 rests on the collar 112'and the knuckle 127 is ,above' and outof contact with the cam 109, the-piece'111, the collars 110 and 112 103.All parts are now at rest and so coutinue until the. temperature ofthe-ammonia in the condenser risesto It is to he n'oted'that'in-thisinward half of the'cycle of operation the thy-mt of the spring 86overcomes the counter thrust of the weaker spring 132 because of thedimin .ishiug pressure of the vapor on the under side the diaphragm'79;that the spring 86 simply supplies force to compress the spring 132 thatthe critical limit at which therod 109 and the piece 111 spring backiskdeter ined solely by the intensity of the compression of the spring132; andthat the t tench compression'is regulatedso. j

enter o l occur when the temperature of spring back of the rod andthethe gas or vapor in the shell 1 reachesits .predetermiuedlowtemperature limit. To lower the temperature-limit at which the springbackksh llfoccun'the potential compression- .of the '"spring'132 islessened; and to raise such limit,' such potential compressionisincreased. A turning of the sleeve 133 backward tends to relievethespring 132; and a turning of the sleeve front'ward increases thecomp'ressionof the spring.

:'..'Now assume that the temperature-.01 the :ammo'ma n the condenserhcgms to rise toward apredeterimnod high limit in consequence of hotgasentering through the pipe 7 from a still or compressor. Heat nowpasses:throfigh---the baek member of the pipe 37, through the waterstanding in' the pipe and through the tube 75 into the liquid ammoniacontainedi'n the tube; The pres- -'sure of the ammonia vapor on theunderside of the diaphragm 79, assi"sted-by the inward opposing spring132, begins toforce the foot 82 and the outward opposing spring'fifitoward their'ex 'treme' high position Conse-

